In conditions of geopolitical turbulence and the crisis of the Western model of globalization, it is interesting to follow how eastern communities are developing, which have a history of thousands of years and once played an important role in the development of mankind, connecting Asia and Europe into a single whole in the space of the Eurasian continent. One such region of the world is Xinjiang, now one of the autonomous regions of the People’s Republic of China (XUAR, China). Today, XUAR, like thousands years ago, again connects Asia with Europe through transport and logistics routes in the context of the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative. The project promotes the economic development of states along the Belt and Road, reviving the Great Silk Road and implementing the idea of a common destiny for humanity. This is especially important for the countries of Central Asia, which are connected with the XUAR by a historical, cultural and civilizational community. That is why it is so important to get acquainted with its chronicle in the flow of history, located between the past and the future, in order to understand it in the present.
